The weed identification and control information on this site has been drawn from the experience and expertise of many people and organizations, including PBI/Gordon Corporation Research & Development and Technical Services personnel, The North Central Weed Science Society, The Northeast Weed Science Society, The Southern Weed Science Society, The Western Weed Science Society and the published writings of many authors. We would like to thank all these people and organizations for their efforts in advancing the science of weed control and turf care.

Muenscher, Walter Conrad, Weeds, Cornell University Press, 1980.

Murphy, Tim R. (coordinating author), Weeds of Southern Turfgrasses, Cooperative Extension Service, The University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences.

Royer, France and Dickinson, Richardson, Weeds of the Northern U.S. and Canada, Lone Pine Publishing and The University of Alberta Press, 1999.

Stubbendieck, James, Friisoe, Geir Y., Bolick, Margaret R., Weeds of Nebraska and the Great Plains, Nebraska Department of Agriculture, 1995.

UVA, Richard H., Neal, Joseph C. and DeTomass, Joseph M., Weeds of the Northeast, Comstock Publishing Associates, Cornell University Press, Ithica and London.

Watschke, Thomas L., Dernoeden, Peter H., and Shetlear, David J., Managing Turfgrass Pests, Lewis Publishers, 1995.

Whitson, Tom D. (editor), Weeds of the West, The Western Society of Weed Science, 1991.

Baldwin, F.L., E.B. Smith. Weeds of Arkansas. University of Arkansas Extension Service, University of Arkansas.

Lawn Weeds and Their Control, Publication No. 26. 1979. North Central Agricultural Extension Services, SEA-Extension, USDA.

Miller, J.F., A.D. Worsham, L.L. McCormick, D.E. Davis R. Cofer, J.A. Smith. Weeds of the Southern United States. University of Georgia Extension Service, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.

WSAA Membership Directory, September 1999. Weed Science Society of America. Lawrence, Kansas.

Karnok, K.J., J. McCrimmon, D. Shepard, J. Nus, T. Fermanian, J. DiPaola. Turfgrass Management Information Directory, 2nd edition, 1998. Ann Arbor Press, Inc., Chelsea, Michigan.

Directory of Professional Workers in State Agricultural Experiment Stations and Other Cooperating State Institutions, Agricultural Handbook Number 305, Revised January 1994, USDA and Cooperative State Research Service, Washington, DC.